Crowns are needed in children in whose teeth surfaces are badly and pulpal treatment has been done. Metal or stainless steel crown have metallic colour. Newer zirconia crowns are tooth coloured and add to the esthetic profile. Multicoloured crowns are also available to make dental treatment fun and colourful.
Hemophilic child : Common dental problems are bleeding gums, prolonged bleeding after trauma, in toddlers oral ulcertation and ecchymosis in lips and tongue. Management of these children include , anticipatory oral health guidance, proper consultation from physician, counselling on oral hygiene, pit and fissure sealants, preventive oral health care procedures.
Leukemic child: Commonpr dental problems are gum bleeding, gum swelling, oral mucositis due to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, dental abnormalities short roots, short teeth.
Management of these children before leukemic treatment: Detailed examination, extraction if needed 10 to 14 days prior to chemotherapy, scaling, pit and fissure sealants, temporary restoration, soft tooth brush and gentle massage of teeth and gum after brushing.
Management of these children during leukemic treatment: Common problems during treatment are Mucositis, gum bleeding, candidiasis, viral and bacterial infections. Chlorhexidene mouthwash, honey provide some relief Management of these children after leukemic treatment: There should be 3 to 6 month regular follow up, oral health education, esthetic fillings, orthodontic treatment carried out.
- External calculus removal
- Internal calculus removal
- Polishing
- Gum irrigation
- Fluoride application
Lasers are used to treat gum disease, depigmentation, contouring and shaping, biopsy /tissue removal and teeth whitening. Oral surgeries done with lasers are more comfortable for the patient. No suture, no bleeding and better healing response.
Removable prosthesis for lost teeth due to accident/trauma is advised. Fixed prosthesis is recommended when the growth potential of the child is completed. Complete dentures for children are needed in rare heredity disorders like ectodermal dysplasia, papillon lefevre syndrome etc.
The inner layer called pulp in teeth when infected due to decay or trauma needs pulpal therapy. Based on the level of infection partial or complete removal of pulp and replacement with medicament upto the root is necessary.
Sedation dentistry is recommended for children who are very anxious and apprehensive whose dental treatment fear cannot be modified by normal behavior management techniques. Mild sedation: relaxing in dental chair with laughing gas or N2O when the child is fully aware of what is happening but also cooperative and relaxed. General anaesthesia is used in very uncooperative child and for whom a comprehensive dental treatment is necessary. The procedure is carried out after complete evaluation of the child.
Mild cavities can be filled with tooth coloured restorations. Composites and glass ionomer fillings have perfect shade match with the normal colour of tooth surface.